RESUMEN
Objetivo: Evaluar la capacidad resolutiva de la Unidad de Atención Primaria en Oftalmología para disminuir la lista de espera oftalmológica no incluida en el Plan de Garantías Explícitas en Salud (GES) de la Región de Ñuble, entre el año 2017 y el 2019. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, de corte transversal, donde se evaluaron los registros estadísticos mensuales y la lista de espera oftalmológica No GES de la región de Ñuble, generada entre el año 2017 y el 2019. Resultados: Se realizó un promedio de 1 875 (± 983) consultas médicas y 3 407(± 1 625) consultas de Tecnólogo Médico anualmente, con un nivel de resolutividad del 84 por ciento: el 82 por ciento para resolución de vicio de refracción; el 77,7 por ciento (p < 0,001) de las interconsultas por vicio de refracción y el 80,1 por ciento (p < 0,001) de otros diagnósticos se resolvieron en menos de 150 días. Las Unidades de Atención Primaria en Oftalmología en estudio demostraron capacidad resolutiva similar a estudios anteriores, con una disminución de los tiempos de espera para la atención oftalmológica en atención primaria. Conclusiones: Las Unidades de Atención Primaria en Oftalmología tienen una alta capacidad resolutiva, menores tiempos de espera, mejoran el acceso y la oportunidad a través de un modelo integral de trabajo en equipo que puede ser replicado a nivel mundial y también en otras especialidades de salud(AU)
Objective: Evaluate the resolution capacity of ophthalmic primary care units to shorten the ophthalmic waiting list not included in the Explicit Health Guarantees Plan (GES) of Ñuble Region in the period 2017-2019. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional non-experimental evaluation was conducted of the monthly statistical records and the No GES ophthalmic waiting list of the Ñuble Region generated in the period 2017-2019. Results: An average 1 875 (± 983) medical consultations and 3 407 (± 1 625) consultations with a medical technologist were held annually, with a resolution level of 84 percent: 82 percent for refraction vice resolution; 77.7 percent (p < 0.001) of the interconsultations for refractive vice and 80.1 percent (p < 0.001) for other diagnoses were resolved in less than 150 days. The ophthalmic primary care units studied displayed a resolution capacity similar to previous studies, with a reduction in the waiting time for ophthalmic primary care. Conclusions: Ophthalmic primary care units display a high resolution capacity, shorter waiting times, improved access and opportunity through a comprehensive teamwork model which may be replicated globally and in other medical specialties(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Oftalmología , Atención Primaria de Salud , Listas de Espera , Estudios Transversales , Interpretación Estadística de DatosRESUMEN
One of the major puzzles in medical research and public health systems worldwide is Alzheimer's disease (AD), reaching nowadays a prevalence near 50 million people. This is a multifactorial brain disorder characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, apathy, and mood and neuropsychiatric disorders. The main risk of AD is aging; a normal biological process associated with a continuum dynamic involving a gradual loss of people's physical capacities, but with a sound experienced view of life. Studies suggest that AD is a break from normal aging with changes in the powerful functional capacities of neurons as well as in the mechanisms of neuronal protection. In this context, an important path has been opened toward AD prevention considering that there are elements of nutrition, daily exercise, avoidance of toxic substances and drugs, an active social life, meditation, and control of stress, to achieve healthy aging. Here, we analyze the involvement of such factors and how to control environmental risk factors for a better quality of life. Prevention as well as innovative screening programs for early detection of the disease using reliable biomarkers are becoming critical to control the disease. In addition, the failure of traditional pharmacological treatments and search for new drugs has stimulated the emergence of nutraceutical compounds in the context of a "multitarget" therapy, as well as mindfulness approaches shown to be effective in the aging, and applied to the control of AD. An integrated approach involving all these preventive factors combined with novel pharmacological approaches should pave the way for the future control of the disease.
